How do we learn about the past?

Indians Before Europeans
American Indian Perspectives
Origins of the Middle World
Creation of the World (Osage)
Creation of the World (Caddo)
Creation of the Sun (Tunica)
The Daughters and the Serpent Monster (Caddo)
How Tlanuwa Deafeated Uktena (Cherokee)
Lightning Defeats the Underground Monster (Caddo)
Chaos into Order
Little Ones Explore the Middle World (Osage)
Maintaining Order in Osage Communities
How People Came to Hunt Animals (Caddo)
Origins of Corn (Natchez)
Origins of Fire (Cherokee)
Natchez Sacred Fire
Understanding the World Through Stories
Academic Perspectives
Ice Age Migrations
Paleoindians
The Dalton Culture
Archaic Period Cultures
Woodland Period Cultures
The Mississippi Period

First Encounters

Historic Arkansas Indians
The Quapaw Indians
The Caddo Indians
Tunica and Koroa Indians
The Osage Indians
The Chickasaws
The Natchez Indians

Indians After Europeans
Indians and Colonists
Indians in the Old South
Indians in the New South
Indians Today

Writing Prompts

Learning Exercises
Indians and Animals
The Three-Layer Universe
Trade Goods
What is a Map?
Frontier Exchange Economy
Creation Stories
Children of the Middle Waters (Osage)
Origin of the Middle World (Yuchi)
The First People (Caddo)
Origin of the Supreme Being (Caddo)
Origin of Animals (Caddo)
Origin of Corn (Natchez)
Origin of Beans (Tunica)
Origin of Fire (Cherokee)
The Calumet Ceremony in the Mississippi Valley
Marquette Account
Gravier Account
Du Poisson Account
First Encounters: Cultural Perspectives
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXII
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXIII
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXVI
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXIX
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXXII and XXXIII
Ritual Analysis
Caddo Harvest Ritual
Natchez Harvest Ceremony
Smoking Ceremony from the Songs of the Wa-Xo'-Be (Osage)
Transcending Themes

Project Background and History


End of Left Side of Page

Origin of Beans (Tunica)

The Origin of Beans (Tunica)

Once upon a time there was an orphan boy and his sister. Every morning they went to the ocean to play in the sand. On some days puppies came out of the ocean and ran about in the sand. The girl and her brother tried to catch the puppies. One day the girls caught one of the puppies, but then she was caught by the waves and pulled down below the water. The boy went home alone. Every day he returned to the ocean but could not find his sister. One day he forgot to go, and was just sitting at home. His sister returned, carrying two beans. She asked her brother: “Have you anything good to eat?” “No, there is nothing” he replied. The sister said: “It will be good if you put a pot on the fire.” So he put a pot on the fire. She broke one of the beans and put it into the pot, saying: “If you cook the bean thoroughly, you will eat well.” The brother wanted to play, but the sister didn’t. She said: “Four months after I plant the bean, I eat it.” The brother wasn’t listening to her, so she said again: “If I give you this bean and you plant it, you will be able to eat it in four months.” When she finished speaking, she went back to the ocean and disappear once more.

Adapted from Tunica Texts, by Mary Haas (1950, University of California Press.)


Origin of Corn (Natchez) Origin of Fire (Cherokee)

 

 

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Last Updated: March 3, 2007 at 1:35:33 PM Central Time